{"id":18722,"date":"2021-01-01T00:12:09","date_gmt":"2020-12-31T21:12:09","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/?p=18722"},"modified":"2022-12-28T17:13:10","modified_gmt":"2022-12-28T14:13:10","slug":"%d1%81%d0%b1","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/?p=18722","title":{"rendered":"\u0421\u0411"},"content":{"rendered":"<figure id=\"attachment_3889\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-3889\" style=\"width: 600px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-3889\" src=\"https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/sb5_bakin-1024x514.jpg\" alt=\"\u041a\u0438\u0440\u043f\u0438\u0447 \u0441 \u043a\u043b\u0435\u0439\u043c\u043e\u043c \u0421.\u0411. 5. \u0424\u043e\u0442\u043e \u041b\u044e\u0431\u043e\u043c\u0438\u0440\u0430 \u0411\u0430\u043a\u0438\u043d\u0430\" width=\"600\" height=\"301\" srcset=\"https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/sb5_bakin-1024x514.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/sb5_bakin-300x151.jpg 300w, https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/sb5_bakin-768x386.jpg 768w, https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/sb5_bakin.jpg 1300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-3889\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u041a\u0438\u0440\u043f\u0438\u0447 \u0441 \u043a\u043b\u0435\u0439\u043c\u043e\u043c \u0421.\u0411. 5. \u0424\u043e\u0442\u043e \u041b\u044e\u0431\u043e\u043c\u0438\u0440\u0430 \u0411\u0430\u043a\u0438\u043d\u0430<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><!--more--><\/p>\n<p>\u0412 1890-\u0445 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0445 \u043d\u0430 \u043a\u0438\u0440\u043f\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0437\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0435 <a href=\"https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/?p=1526\">\u0421\u043e\u043a\u0443\u043b\u0438\u043d\u044b\u0445<\/a> \u043d\u0430 \u042f\u043c-\u0418\u0436\u043e\u0440\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c \u0448\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0443\u043a\u0446\u0438\u044e \u0411\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0437\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0432\u044b. \u0412 \u0441\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0435 1897 \u0433. \u0432\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0435 \u0441 \u0421\u043e\u043a\u0443\u043b\u0438\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0443\u043f\u043e\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0446\u0430\u0440\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0441\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u043a\u0443\u043f\u0435\u0446 <strong><em>\u0421\u0435\u0440\u0433\u0435\u0439 \u0410\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0447 \u0411\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0437\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0432<\/em><\/strong>. \u042e\u0440\u0438\u0434\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u043e\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0421.\u0410. \u0411\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0437\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u043a \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043f\u0440\u0438\u044f\u0442\u0438\u044e \u043d\u0435 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043e, \u0441\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0435\u0435 \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0433\u043e \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0430 \u0430\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0434\u0430.<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>\u041a\u0438\u0440\u043f\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0434.<\/p>\n<p>\u0421\u043e\u043a\u0443\u043b\u0438\u043d\u044b, \u0424\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0440, \u041f\u0430\u0432\u0435\u043b \u0438 \u0410\u043d\u043d\u0430 \u041f\u0435\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0430 \u0438 \u0412\u0435\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0446\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0410\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0440\u0430 \u041f\u0435\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0430, (<strong>\u0411\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0437\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u0421.\u0410.<\/strong>), \u0432 \u0426\u0430\u0440\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0441\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c \u0443., \u0441. \u0418\u0436\u043e\u0440\u0430.<\/p>\n<p>\u0420\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f 100 \u0434\u043d\u0435\u0439 \u0432 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443. 3 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0434\u0432\u0438\u0433\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f.<\/p>\n<p>\u0421\u0442\u043e\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0432 \u0440\u0443\u0431\u043b\u044f\u0445 \u0443\u043f\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0431\u043b\u044f\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0442\u043e\u043f\u043b\u0438\u0432\u0430: \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u2013 100; \u043c\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u2013 1200.<\/p>\n<p>\u0420\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0447\u0438\u0445: 40 \u043c\u0443\u0436\u0447\u0438\u043d, 5 \u0436\u0435\u043d\u0449\u0438\u043d \u0438 3 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043a\u0430.<\/p>\n<p>\u0412\u044b\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e \u043a\u0438\u0440\u043f\u0438\u0447\u0430 \u043d\u0430 5,000 \u0440\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0435\u0439.<sup>[1]<\/sup><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<figure id=\"attachment_5759\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-5759\" style=\"width: 600px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-5759\" style=\"-webkit-user-drag: none; display: inline-block; margin-bottom: -1ex;\" src=\"https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/sb9_litv-1024x574.jpg\" alt=\"\u041a\u0438\u0440\u043f\u0438\u0447 \u0441 \u043a\u043b\u0435\u0439\u043c\u043e\u043c \u0421\u0411 9 (\u0431\u0435\u0437 \u0442\u043e\u0447\u043a\u0438). \u0424\u043e\u0442\u043e \u0412\u0438\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u041b\u0438\u0442\u0432\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e\" width=\"600\" height=\"336\" srcset=\"https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/sb9_litv-1024x574.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/sb9_litv-300x168.jpg 300w, https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/sb9_litv-768x430.jpg 768w, https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/sb9_litv-1536x861.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/sb9_litv-2048x1148.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-5759\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u041a\u0438\u0440\u043f\u0438\u0447 \u0441 \u043a\u043b\u0435\u0439\u043c\u043e\u043c \u0421\u0411 9 (\u0431\u0435\u0437 \u0442\u043e\u0447\u043a\u0438). \u0424\u043e\u0442\u043e \u0412\u0438\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u041b\u0438\u0442\u0432\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>\u0423\u0436\u0435 \u0432 \u0434\u0435\u043a\u0430\u0431\u0440\u0435 1897 \u0433. \u0430\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043c \u0437\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u0446\u0430\u0440\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0441\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u0443\u043f\u0446\u0430 <em><strong>\u041c\u0430\u0440\u0438\u044f \u0424\u0435\u043e\u0444\u0438\u043b\u0430\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0430 \u0411\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0437\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430<\/strong><\/em><sup>[2]<\/sup>.<\/p>\n<p>\u041f\u0430\u043c\u044f\u0442\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043a\u043d\u0438\u0436\u043a\u0430 \u0421\u0430\u043d\u043a\u0442-\u041f\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0443\u0440\u0433\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0433\u0443\u0431\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u043d\u0430 1898 \u0433\u043e\u0434:<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>\u0421\u043e\u043a\u0443\u043b\u0438\u043d \u0424.\u041f., \u0430\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u0411\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0437\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u041c. \u0424\u0435\u043e\u0444., \u0432\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u0446\u0430\u0440\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0441\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u0443\u043f\u0446\u0430.<\/p>\n<p>\u0412\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0438 \u0441. \u0418\u0436\u043e\u0440\u0430.<\/p>\n<p>\u0427\u0438\u0441\u043b\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0447\u0438\u0445 20, \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0447\u0438\u0445 \u0434\u043d\u0435\u0439 \u0432 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443 280.<\/p>\n<p>3 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0434\u0432\u0438\u0433\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f.<\/p>\n<p>\u0412 1896 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443 \u0432\u044b\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e \u043a\u0438\u0440\u043f\u0438\u0447\u0430 \u043d\u0430 5000 \u0440\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0435\u0439.<sup>[3]<\/sup><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>\u00ab\u0412\u0441\u044f \u0420\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0438\u044f\u00bb \u043d\u0430 1899 \u0433.:<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>\u041a\u0438\u0440\u043f\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e.<\/p>\n<p>\u0411\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0437\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430, \u041c\u0430\u0440\u0438\u044f \u0424\u0435\u043e\u0444\u0438\u043b\u0430\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0430, \u0426\u0430\u0440\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0441\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0443\u0435\u0437\u0434\u0430, \u0418\u0436\u043e\u0440\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0432\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438, \u043d\u0430 \u0437\u0435\u043c\u043b\u0435 \u043a\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c\u044f\u043d.<sup>[4]<\/sup><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>\u0415\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u044f, \u0447\u0442\u043e\u00a0\u041c.\u0424. \u0411\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0437\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0434\u043b\u0435\u0436\u0430\u0442 \u0440\u0435\u0434\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u043a\u0438\u0440\u043f\u0438\u0447\u0438 \u0441 \u043a\u043b\u0435\u0439\u043c\u0430\u043c\u0438 <a href=\"https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/?p=17752\"><em>\u041c.\u0424.\u0411<\/em><\/a>. \u041e\u043d\u0438 \u0432\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0447\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u0440\u0435\u0436\u0435 \u0447\u0435\u043c <em>\u0421\u0411<\/em> (\u0432 \u043e\u043a\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044f\u0445 \u0433. \u041f\u0443\u0448\u043a\u0438\u043d).<\/p>\n<p>\u0412 1903 \u0433. \u0437\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043c \u0432\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0435\u043b <a href=\"https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/?p=17085\">\u0418.\u041a. \u0425\u0430\u0440\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043a\u043e<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>\u041f\u043e \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u044f\u043c \u0412\u0438\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u0410\u0440\u0442\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0432\u0430, \u043c\u0430\u043a\u0441\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0437\u0430\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043d\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0440 \u043d\u0430 \u043a\u043b\u0435\u0439\u043c\u0435 <em>\u0421\u0411<\/em> \u2013 31.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0418\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0438<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>[1] <em>\u0424\u0430\u0431\u0440\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e-\u0437\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043c\u044b\u0448\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0420\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0438. \u041f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u044c \u0444\u0430\u0431\u0440\u0438\u043a \u0438 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0432. \u2013 \u0421\u041f\u0431.: \u0442\u0438\u043f. \u0418.\u0410. \u0415\u0444\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0430, 1897. \u2013 \u0421. 458-459.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>[2] <em>\u0426\u0413\u0418\u0410 \u0421\u041f\u0431. \u0424. 1229. \u041e\u043f. 1. \u0414. 94.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>[3] <em>\u041f\u0430\u043c\u044f\u0442\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043a\u043d\u0438\u0436\u043a\u0430 \u0421\u0430\u043d\u043a\u0442-\u041f\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0443\u0440\u0433\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0433\u0443\u0431\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u043d\u0430 1898 \u0433\u043e\u0434. \u2013 \u0421\u041f\u0431.: \u0421.-\u041f\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0443\u0440\u0433\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0413\u0443\u0431\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0442\u0438\u043f\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u044f, 1898.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>[4] <em>\u0412\u0441\u044f \u0420\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0438\u044f. \u0420\u0443\u0441\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u043a\u043d\u0438\u0433\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043c\u044b\u0448\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438, \u0442\u043e\u0440\u0433\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0438, \u0441\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0445\u043e\u0437\u044f\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0438 \u0430\u0434\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438: \u0422\u043e\u0440\u0433\u043e\u0432\u043e-\u043f\u0440\u043e\u043c\u044b\u0448\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0430\u0434\u0440\u0435\u0441-\u043a\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u044c \u0420\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0438\u043c\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0438. \u2013 \u0421\u041f\u0431.: \u0418\u0437\u0434-\u0432\u043e \u0410.\u0421. \u0421\u0443\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0430, 1899. \u2013 \u0421. 559.<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\">\u0410\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b: \u041b\u044e\u0431\u043e\u043c\u0438\u0440 \u0411\u0430\u043a\u0438\u043d, \u041c\u0438\u0445\u0430\u0438\u043b \u041f\u043e\u043f\u043e\u0432<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[44,24],"tags":[1049,1150,1149],"class_list":["post-18722","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-44","category-24","tag-1049","tag-1150","tag-1149"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18722","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=18722"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18722\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":22585,"href":"https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18722\/revisions\/22585"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=18722"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=18722"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=18722"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}