{"id":18625,"date":"2021-01-01T00:16:04","date_gmt":"2020-12-31T21:16:04","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/?p=18625"},"modified":"2023-02-09T20:55:51","modified_gmt":"2023-02-09T17:55:51","slug":"%d0%bd-%d0%b0-%d1%87","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/?p=18625","title":{"rendered":"\u041d.\u0410.\u0427."},"content":{"rendered":"<figure id=\"attachment_8935\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-8935\" style=\"width: 600px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-8935\" src=\"https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/nach_zuk-1024x524.jpg\" alt=\"\u041a\u0438\u0440\u043f\u0438\u0447 \u0441 \u043a\u043b\u0435\u0439\u043c\u043e\u043c \u041d.\u0410.\u0427. 15. \u0424\u043e\u0442\u043e \u0421\u0435\u0440\u0433\u0435\u044f \u0416\u0443\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\" width=\"600\" height=\"307\" srcset=\"https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/nach_zuk-1024x524.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/nach_zuk-300x154.jpg 300w, https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/nach_zuk-768x393.jpg 768w, https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/nach_zuk-1536x786.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/nach_zuk-2048x1049.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-8935\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u041a\u0438\u0440\u043f\u0438\u0447 \u0441 \u043a\u043b\u0435\u0439\u043c\u043e\u043c \u041d.\u0410.\u0427. 15. \u0424\u043e\u0442\u043e \u0421\u0435\u0440\u0433\u0435\u044f \u0416\u0443\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><!--more--><\/p>\n<p>\u041a\u0438\u0440\u043f\u0438\u0447 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d \u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0438\u0437 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0432 \u0434\u0432\u043e\u0440\u044f\u043d\u0438\u043d\u0430, \u043a\u0443\u043f\u0446\u0430 <em><strong>\u041d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u043b\u0430\u044f \u0410\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0435\u0435\u0432\u0438\u0447\u0430 \u0427\u0435\u0441\u043d\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430<\/strong><\/em>.<\/p>\n<p>\u0412 \u0441\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0435 \u041f.\u0410. \u041e\u0440\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u0437\u0430 1879 \u0433\u043e\u0434 \u0437\u0430 \u0427\u0435\u0441\u043d\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0432\u044b\u043c \u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0437\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0434 \u0432 \u0434. \u0423\u0441\u0442\u044c-\u0421\u043b\u0430\u0432\u044f\u043d\u043a\u0430:<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>\u0427\u0435\u0441\u043d\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0432, \u041d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u043b. \u0410\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0435\u0435\u0432., \u043a\u0443\u043f. 1 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0430, \u0434. \u0423\u0441\u0442\u044c-\u0421\u043b\u0430\u0432\u044f\u043d\u043a\u0430. \u041a\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e: 4,000 \u0442\u044b\u0441. \u041f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432. \u0420\u0443\u0431.: 64,000. \u0420\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0447\u0438\u0445: 235<sup>[1]<\/sup><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>\u0418\u0437 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0432 \u043f\u043e \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0445\u043e\u0437\u044f\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 1889 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0438\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043d\u043e \u043e \u0434\u0432\u0443\u0445 \u043a\u0438\u0440\u043f\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0445 \u0427\u0435\u0441\u043d\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u0432 \u0441. \u041f\u043e\u043a\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u0428\u043b\u0438\u0441\u0441\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0431\u0443\u0440\u0433\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0443\u0435\u0437\u0434\u0430. \u0421\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0435\u0435 \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0433\u043e, \u043e\u043d\u0438 \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0435\u043d\u044b \u0432\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0435 \u0441 \u0437\u0435\u043c\u043b\u0435\u0439 \u0443 \u041d.\u0421. \u041b\u044c\u0432\u043e\u0432\u0430.<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>\u0418\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0432\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c. \u0427\u0435\u0441\u043d\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0432 \u041d.\u0410., \u0434\u0432\u043e\u0440\u044f\u043d\u0438\u043d. \u041d\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f: \u0421. \u041f\u043e\u043a\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435. \u0420\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043e\u0442 \u0421\u041f\u0431 30 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0442, \u043e\u0442 \u0431\u043b\u0438\u0436\u0430\u0439\u0448\u0435\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0436.\u0434. 12 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0442, \u043e\u0442 \u0448\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0435 1 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0430. \u0413\u043e\u0434 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f: 1882. \u0426\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u043e \u0430\u043a\u0442\u0443: 30.005 \u0440\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0435\u0439. \u0412\u0441\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0443\u0434\u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0438 \u043d\u0435\u0443\u0434\u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0437\u0435\u043c\u043b\u0438: 503,8 \u0434\u0435\u0441\u044f\u0442\u0438\u043d. <strong>2 \u043a\u0438\u0440\u043f\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0430, \u043d\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u044e\u0442 6 \u043b\u0435\u0442<\/strong>.<sup>[2]<\/sup><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>\u0421 1892 \u0433. \u0431\u044b\u0432\u0448\u0443\u044e \u0437\u0435\u043c\u043b\u044e \u0427\u0435\u0441\u043d\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u0443 \u043a\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c\u044f\u043d \u0441\u0435\u043b\u0430 \u041f\u043e\u043a\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u0430\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u043a\u0438\u0440\u043f\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0447\u0438\u043a\u0438 <a href=\"https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/?p=16661\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u0410.\u0413. \u0411\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0447<\/a> \u0438 <a href=\"https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/?p=19143\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u041b.\u0418. \u0412\u0435\u0439\u0441<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>\u041f\u043e \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0435 \u0412\u0438\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u0410\u0440\u0442\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0432\u0430, \u043c\u0430\u043a\u0441\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0437\u0430\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043d\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0440 \u043d\u0430 \u043a\u043b\u0435\u0439\u043c\u0435 <em>\u041d.\u0410.\u0427.<\/em> &#8212; 21.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0418\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0438<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>[1] <em>\u041e\u0440\u043b\u043e\u0432 \u041f.\u0410. \u0423\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c \u0444\u0430\u0431\u0440\u0438\u043a \u0438 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0432 \u0415\u0432\u0440\u043e\u043f\u0435\u0439\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0420\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0438 \u0441 \u0426\u0430\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u043c \u041f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0441\u043a\u0438\u043c \u0438 \u0412\u0435\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0438\u043c \u043a\u043d\u044f\u0436\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u043c \u0424\u0438\u043d\u043b\u044f\u043d\u0434\u0441\u043a\u0438\u043c: \u041c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044b \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0444\u0430\u0431\u0440\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e-\u0437\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0438. \u2013 \u0421\u041f\u0431.: \u0442\u0438\u043f. \u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0435\u0432 \u041f\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0435\u0432\u044b\u0445, 1881. \u2013 \u0421. 317.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>[2] <em>\u041c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044b \u043f\u043e \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0445\u043e\u0437\u044f\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0432 \u0421\u0430\u043d\u043a\u0442-\u041f\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0443\u0440\u0433\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0433\u0443\u0431\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0438\u0438 \/ \u0418\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0421.-\u041f\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0443\u0440\u0433\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0433\u0443\u0431\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0437\u0435\u043c\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430. \u2013 \u0421\u041f\u0431.: \u0442\u0438\u043f. \u0422\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043a\u0435 \u0438 \u0424\u044e\u0441\u043d\u043e, 1889. \u2013 \u0421. 32-35.<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\">\u0410\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b: \u041b\u044e\u0431\u043e\u043c\u0438\u0440 \u0411\u0430\u043a\u0438\u043d, \u041c\u0438\u0445\u0430\u0438\u043b \u041f\u043e\u043f\u043e\u0432<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[42,24],"tags":[1083,1082,1131],"class_list":["post-18625","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-42","category-24","tag-1083","tag-1082","tag-1131"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18625","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=18625"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18625\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":22964,"href":"https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18625\/revisions\/22964"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=18625"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=18625"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=18625"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}