{"id":17955,"date":"2021-01-01T00:20:51","date_gmt":"2020-12-31T21:20:51","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/?p=17955"},"modified":"2025-06-25T11:40:21","modified_gmt":"2025-06-25T08:40:21","slug":"%d0%b8-%d0%b8-%d0%b7","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/?p=17955","title":{"rendered":"\u0418.\u0418.\u0417."},"content":{"rendered":"<figure id=\"attachment_3954\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-3954\" style=\"width: 600px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-3954\" src=\"https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/iiz_litv-1024x512.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/iiz_litv-1024x512.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/iiz_litv-300x150.jpg 300w, https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/iiz_litv-768x384.jpg 768w, https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/iiz_litv-1536x768.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/iiz_litv-2048x1024.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-3954\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u041a\u0438\u0440\u043f\u0438\u0447 \u0441 \u043a\u043b\u0435\u0439\u043c\u043e\u043c \u0418.\u0418.\u0417. 10. \u0424\u043e\u0442\u043e \u0412\u0438\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u041b\u0438\u0442\u0432\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><!--more--><\/p>\n<p>\u041a\u0438\u0440\u043f\u0438\u0447\u0438 \u0432\u044b\u043f\u0443\u0449\u0435\u043d\u044b \u043d\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0435 \u0438\u043d\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0440-\u043f\u043e\u0434\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430 (\u0432\u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0438 \u0438\u043d\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0440-\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430) <strong><em>\u0418\u0433\u043d\u0430\u0442\u0438\u044f \u0418\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0447\u0430 \u0417\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e<\/em><\/strong> \u043d\u0430 \u043b\u0435\u0432\u043e\u043c \u0431\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0433\u0443 \u0440\u0435\u043a\u0438 \u0418\u0436\u043e\u0440\u044b.<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>\u041e \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u043a\u0443 \u043a\u0438\u0440\u043f\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0437\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0417\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u0440. \u0418\u0436\u043e\u0440\u043a\u0435 \u0432 1-\u043c \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0435 \u041f\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0443\u0440\u0433\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0443\u0435\u0437\u0434\u0430; \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0435\u0436\u0438<\/p>\n<p>\u041a\u0440\u0430\u0439\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0434\u0430\u0442\u044b: 07.05.1897-05.06.1898<sup>[1]<\/sup><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<figure id=\"attachment_2974\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-2974\" style=\"width: 600px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-2974\" src=\"https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/z-reknedel.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"229\" srcset=\"https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/z-reknedel.jpg 638w, https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/z-reknedel-300x115.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-2974\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u0420\u0435\u043a\u043b\u0430\u043c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0443\u043b\u044c \u0437\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0417\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432 \u0436\u0443\u0440\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0435 \u00ab\u041d\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044f \u0421\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f\u00bb. 1899 \u0433\u043e\u0434<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>\u0421\u043f\u0438\u0441\u043e\u043a \u0444\u0430\u0431\u0440\u0438\u043a \u0438 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0432 1903 \u0433.:<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>\u0417\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439, \u0418\u0433\u043d\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0439 \u0418\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0447, \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0438\u043a. \u041a\u0438\u0440\u043f\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0434 \u00ab\u0423\u0441\u0442\u044c-\u0418\u0436\u043e\u0440\u0430\u00bb (\u043e\u0441\u043d. 1897 \u0433.). \u0421.-\u041f\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0443\u0440\u0433\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0443., \u0423\u0441\u0442\u044c-\u0418\u0436\u043e\u0440\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0432\u043e\u043b. \u0413\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e 117.000 \u0440. \u0427\u0438\u0441\u043b\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0447\u0438\u0445 153.<sup>[2]<\/sup><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>\u0427\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0443\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0438\u0437\u0433\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u043b\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u043c \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0441\u043e\u043c \u0438 \u0438\u043c\u0435\u0435\u0442 \u043d\u0430\u0431\u0438\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043a\u043b\u0435\u0439\u043c\u0430.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_4830\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-4830\" style=\"width: 600px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-4830\" src=\"https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/iiz_bakin-1024x504.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"295\" srcset=\"https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/iiz_bakin-1024x504.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/iiz_bakin-300x148.jpg 300w, https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/iiz_bakin-768x378.jpg 768w, https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/iiz_bakin-1536x756.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/iiz_bakin.jpg 1696w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-4830\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u041a\u0438\u0440\u043f\u0438\u0447 \u0441 \u043d\u0430\u0431\u0438\u0432\u043d\u044b\u043c \u043a\u043b\u0435\u0439\u043c\u043e\u043c \u0418.\u0418.\u0417. \u0424\u043e\u0442\u043e \u041b\u044e\u0431\u043e\u043c\u0438\u0440\u0430 \u0411\u0430\u043a\u0438\u043d\u0430<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure id=\"attachment_23059\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-23059\" style=\"width: 600px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-23059\" src=\"https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/2023-04-25_15-23-11.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"340\" srcset=\"https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/2023-04-25_15-23-11.png 652w, https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/2023-04-25_15-23-11-300x170.png 300w, https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/2023-04-25_15-23-11-555x315.png 555w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-23059\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u041a\u0438\u0440\u043f\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0430 \u0418.\u0418.\u0417. 47. \u0424\u043e\u0442\u043e \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0426\u0435\u0433\u043b\u0430<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>\u0412 1903 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443 \u043d\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0435 \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0430 \u0441\u043d\u0435\u0441\u0435\u043d\u0430, \u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0432\u0448\u0430\u044f\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043a \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044e \u0440\u0443\u0441\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u043a\u0438\u0440\u043f\u0438\u0447\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0436\u0438\u0433\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043f\u0435\u0447\u044c.<sup>[3]<\/sup><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_9134\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-9134\" style=\"width: 600px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-9134\" src=\"https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/zjm_PzVTalo_iiz57_Kras.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"378\" srcset=\"https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/zjm_PzVTalo_iiz57_Kras.jpg 1280w, https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/zjm_PzVTalo_iiz57_Kras-300x189.jpg 300w, https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/zjm_PzVTalo_iiz57_Kras-1024x645.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/zjm_PzVTalo_iiz57_Kras-768x484.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-9134\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u041c\u0430\u0448\u0438\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043a\u0438\u0440\u043f\u0438\u0447 \u0441 \u043d\u0430\u0431\u0438\u0432\u043d\u044b\u043c \u043a\u043b\u0435\u0439\u043c\u043e\u043c \u0418.\u0418.\u0417. 57. \u0424\u043e\u0442\u043e \u0412\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0440\u0430 \u041a\u0440\u0430\u0441\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>\u0422.\u0424. \u0421\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0446\u043a\u0438\u0439 (1904):<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>\u041b\u0435\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u0431\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0433 \u0418\u0436\u043e\u0440\u044b.<\/p>\n<p>\u0417\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0418.\u0418. \u0438\u043d\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0440-\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430. 1 \u0441\u0442. \u0421\u0430\u043d\u043a\u0442-\u041f\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0443\u0440\u0433\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0443\u0435\u0437\u0434\u0430, \u043d\u0438\u0436\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u041c.\u0410. \u041a\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430. \u0412\u044b\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043d \u0432 1897 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443. \u0420\u0430\u043d\u044c\u0448\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c \u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0435 \u0431\u044b\u043b \u0437\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0434 \u0411\u0435\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0432\u0430, \u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043c \u041c\u043e\u0437\u0436\u0443\u0445\u0438\u043d\u0430. \u0417\u0435\u043c\u043b\u044f \u0430\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f. \u041f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0441\u043c\u0435\u0448\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435. 7 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0433\u043b\u0438\u043d\u043e\u043c\u044f\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043c\u0430\u0448\u0438\u043d \u0438 8 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443-\u043c\u0430\u0448\u0438\u043d. 3-\u0445 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0441 \u00ab\u0424\u0435\u044f\u00bb \u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0435\u0442 6,000 \u0448\u0442\u0443\u043a \u043a\u0438\u0440\u043f\u0438\u0447\u0430 \u0432 \u0434\u0435\u043d\u044c. 2 \u0413\u043e\u0444\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0435\u0447\u0438. 32 \u043a\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0440\u044b. \u0415\u043c\u043a\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c 160 \u043a\u0443\u0431. \u0441\u0430\u0436. \u0420\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0447\u0438\u0445 227 \u0447\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043a.<\/p>\n<p>\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e: 1898 \u0433. \u2013 8 \u043c\u0438\u043b\u043b\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043e\u0432; 1899 \u0433. \u2013 8,5 \u043c\u0438\u043b\u043b\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043e\u0432; 1900 \u0433. \u2013 8680 \u0442\u044b\u0441\u044f\u0447; 1901 \u0433. \u2013 7,5 \u043c\u0438\u043b\u043b\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043e\u0432; 1902 \u0433. \u2013 3 \u043c\u0438\u043b\u043b\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430; 1903 \u0433. \u2013 8 \u043c\u0438\u043b\u043b\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043e\u0432 \u0441\u044b\u0440\u0446\u0430.<sup>[4]<\/sup><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<figure id=\"attachment_1244\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1244\" style=\"width: 600px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1244\" src=\"https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/iiz_reklama.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"125\" srcset=\"https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/iiz_reklama.jpg 1004w, https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/iiz_reklama-300x63.jpg 300w, https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/iiz_reklama-768x161.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-1244\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u0420\u0435\u043a\u043b\u0430\u043c\u0430 \u043a\u0438\u0440\u043f\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0437\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0417\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e. 1904 \u0433\u043e\u0434<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>\u0410\u0434\u0440\u0435\u0441\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043a\u043d\u0438\u0433\u0430 \u0444\u0430\u0431\u0440\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e-\u0437\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0438 \u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u0441\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043c\u044b\u0448\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 1908 \u0433.:<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>\u0417\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439, \u0418\u0433\u043d. \u0418\u0432., \u0438\u043d\u0436. \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043a. \u041a\u0438\u0440\u043f\u0438\u0447\u043d. \u0437\u0430\u0432. \u0421\u043f\u0431. \u0443., 1 \u0441\u0442., \u0441. \u0423\u0441\u0442\u044c-\u0418\u0436\u043e\u0440\u0430. \u0427\u0438\u0441. \u0440\u0430\u0431. 163.<sup>[5]<\/sup><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>\u041e\u0442\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0438\u043c, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0434\u043e 11 \u043d\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0430 (\u043e\u0442\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043a\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044f\u0441\u044c \u043e\u0442 \u0438\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043d\u0430 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043c\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u044d\u043a\u0437\u0435\u043c\u043f\u043b\u044f\u0440\u043e\u0432) \u0432\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0430\u0440\u0430\u0431\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0446\u0438\u0444\u0440, \u0442\u0430\u043a \u0438 \u0440\u0438\u043c\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_3956\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-3956\" style=\"width: 600px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-3956\" src=\"https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/iiz_lat-1024x521.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"305\" srcset=\"https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/iiz_lat-1024x521.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/iiz_lat-300x153.jpg 300w, https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/iiz_lat-768x391.jpg 768w, https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/iiz_lat-1536x781.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/iiz_lat-2048x1042.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-3956\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u041a\u0438\u0440\u043f\u0438\u0447 \u0441 \u043a\u043b\u0435\u0439\u043c\u043e\u043c \u0418.\u0418.\u0417. XI. \u0424\u043e\u0442\u043e \u0412\u0438\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u041b\u0438\u0442\u0432\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure id=\"attachment_6280\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-6280\" style=\"width: 600px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-6280\" src=\"https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/iiz_matr.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"326\" srcset=\"https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/iiz_matr.jpg 863w, https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/iiz_matr-300x163.jpg 300w, https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/iiz_matr-768x417.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-6280\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u041a\u0438\u0440\u043f\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0430 \u0418.\u0418.\u0417. III. \u0424\u043e\u0442\u043e \u0438\u0437 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0435\u0442\u0430<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure id=\"attachment_25036\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-25036\" style=\"width: 600px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-25036\" src=\"https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/2025-06-25_11-39-28-1024x497.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"291\" srcset=\"https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/2025-06-25_11-39-28-1024x497.png 1024w, https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/2025-06-25_11-39-28-300x146.png 300w, https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/2025-06-25_11-39-28-768x373.png 768w, https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/2025-06-25_11-39-28-555x270.png 555w, https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/2025-06-25_11-39-28.png 1192w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-25036\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u041a\u0438\u0440\u043f\u0438\u0447 \u0441 \u043a\u043b\u0435\u0439\u043c\u043e\u043c \u0418.\u0418.\u0417. III. \u0424\u043e\u0442\u043e \u0410\u0440\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430 \u041a\u0443\u043a\u0441\u0430<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>\u0421\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043e \u0444\u0430\u0431\u0440\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0445 \u0438 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0445 1913 \u0433.:<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>5277. \u0417\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0418.\u0418. \u2014 \u0441. \u0423\u0441\u0442\u044c-\u0418\u0436\u043e\u0440\u0430, \u0421\u041f\u0431. \u0443. \u041e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d \u0432 1897 \u0433. \u0420\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0447\u0438\u0445 170. \u0413\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0431\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0442 100 \u0442. \u0440.<sup>[6]<\/sup><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>\u041f\u043e \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0435 \u0412\u0438\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u0410\u0440\u0442\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0432\u0430, \u043c\u0430\u043a\u0441\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0437\u0430\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043d\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0440 \u043d\u0430 \u043a\u043b\u0435\u0439\u043c\u0435 <em>\u0418.\u0418.\u0417.<\/em> &#8212; 162.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0418\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0438<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>[1] <em>\u0426\u0413\u0418\u0410 \u0421\u041f\u0431. \u0424. 256. \u041e\u043f. 24. \u0414. 49.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>[2] <em>\u0421\u043f\u0438\u0441\u043e\u043a \u0444\u0430\u0431\u0440\u0438\u043a \u0438 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0432 \u0415\u0432\u0440\u043e\u043f\u0435\u0439\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0420\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0438 \/ \u041c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0444\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043e\u0432. \u2013 \u0421\u041f\u0431.: \u0442\u0438\u043f. \u0412. \u041a\u0438\u0440\u0448\u0431\u0430\u0443\u043c\u0430, 1903. \u2013 \u0421. 390.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>[3]<em> \u0420\u0413\u0418\u0410. \u0424. 20. \u041e\u043f. 15. \u0414. 714.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>[4] <em>\u0421\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0446\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0422.\u0424. \u041a\u0438\u0440\u043f\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u0440. \u041d\u0435\u0432\u0435 \u0438 \u0435\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0442\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0445. \u2013 \u0421\u041f\u0431.: \u0418\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e A.\u042d. \u0412\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043a\u0435, 1904. \u2013 \u0421. 20.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>[5] <em>\u0410\u0434\u0440\u0435\u0441\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043a\u043d\u0438\u0433\u0430 \u0444\u0430\u0431\u0440\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e-\u0437\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0438 \u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u0441\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043c\u044b\u0448\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0439 \u0420\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0438. \/ \u041f\u043e\u0434 \u0440\u0435\u0434. \u0410.\u0412. \u041f\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0432\u0430. \u2013 2-\u0435 \u0438\u0437\u0434. (1907\/8 \u0433.), \u0438\u0441\u043f\u0440. \u0438 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447. \u0434\u043e\u043f. \u2013 \u0421\u041f\u0431.: \u0422\u0438\u043f. \u041a.\u0410. \u0427\u0435\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430, 1908. \u2013 \u0421. 537.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>[6] <em>\u0424\u0430\u0431\u0440\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u0438 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0434\u044b \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0439 \u0420\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0438: \u0441\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043e 31,523 \u0444\u0430\u0431\u0440\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0445 \u0438 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0445. <\/em><em>IV. \u0424\u0430\u0431\u0440\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e-\u0437\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0442\u0434\u0435\u043b. \u2013 \u041a\u0438\u0435\u0432: \u041a\u043d\u0438\u0433\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0422\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u041b.\u041c. \u0424\u0438\u0448, 1913. \u2013 \u0421\u0442\u0431. 327.<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\">\u0410\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b: \u041b\u044e\u0431\u043e\u043c\u0438\u0440 \u0411\u0430\u043a\u0438\u043d, \u041c\u0438\u0445\u0430\u0438\u043b \u041f\u043e\u043f\u043e\u0432<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[21],"tags":[1153,1127],"class_list":["post-17955","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-i","tag-1153","tag-1127"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17955","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=17955"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17955\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":25038,"href":"https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17955\/revisions\/25038"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=17955"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=17955"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=17955"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}