{"id":17237,"date":"2021-01-01T00:01:45","date_gmt":"2020-12-31T21:01:45","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/?p=17237"},"modified":"2025-04-28T18:51:49","modified_gmt":"2025-04-28T15:51:49","slug":"%d1%8f-%d0%b8-%d1%88","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/?p=17237","title":{"rendered":"\u042f \u0438 \u0428"},"content":{"rendered":"<figure id=\"attachment_12088\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-12088\" style=\"width: 600px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-12088\" src=\"https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/jaish-1024x524.jpg\" alt=\"\u041a\u0438\u0440\u043f\u0438\u0447 \u0441 \u043a\u043b\u0435\u0439\u043c\u043e\u043c \u042f\u0438\u0428 \u0438\u0437 \u043a\u043e\u043b\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0412\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0440\u0430 \u041f\u0440\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0444\u044c\u0435\u0432\u0430\" width=\"600\" height=\"307\" srcset=\"https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/jaish-1024x524.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/jaish-300x153.jpg 300w, https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/jaish-768x393.jpg 768w, https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/jaish.jpg 1124w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-12088\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u041a\u0438\u0440\u043f\u0438\u0447 \u0441 \u043a\u043b\u0435\u0439\u043c\u043e\u043c \u042f\u0438\u0428 \u0438\u0437 \u043a\u043e\u043b\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0412\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0440\u0430 \u041f\u0440\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0444\u044c\u0435\u0432\u0430<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><!--more--><\/p>\n<p>\u0412 1853 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443 \u0431\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 <em><strong>\u042f\u0442\u0435\u0441\u044c<\/strong><\/em> \u0438 <em><strong>\u0428\u043f\u0430\u0440\u0440\u043e<\/strong><\/em> (\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044b \u043d\u0435 \u0443\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043d\u044b) \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u044f\u0432\u043a\u0443 \u0432 \u0414\u0435\u043f\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0430\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u041c\u0430\u043d\u0443\u0444\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440 \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 5-\u043b\u0435\u0442\u043d\u0435\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0435\u0433\u0438\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u0438\u0437\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0438\u043c\u0438 \u043c\u0430\u0448\u0438\u043d\u0443 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0432\u044b\u0434\u0435\u043b\u043a\u0438 \u043b\u0435\u043a\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043a\u0438\u0440\u043f\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0439<sup>[1]<\/sup>.<\/p>\n<p>\u041f\u043e\u044f\u0441\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u043f\u043e \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0435\u0436\u0430\u043c \u043e\u043d\u0438 \u0434\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0435 \u0441\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043b\u0438, \u043f\u043e\u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0432 \u0434\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0435\u0439\u0448\u0435\u043c \u043f\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0443 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0435\u0433\u0438\u0438 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043f\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0443 \u0432\u0435\u043b \u043e\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043f\u043e\u0440\u0443\u0447\u0438\u043a \u041d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u043b\u0430\u0439 \u0424\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0439 \u0434\u0430\u043b \u0432\u0441\u0435 \u043d\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043c\u044b\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u044a\u044f\u0441\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0438\u043b \u0432\u044b\u0434\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0435\u0433\u0438\u044e \u0435\u043c\u0443. \u0418\u0437 \u0430\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0441\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0432\u044b\u0432\u043e\u0434, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0438\u0437\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043c \u043c\u0430\u0448\u0438\u043d\u044b \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u043b\u0441\u044f \u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u043e\u043d. \u041e\u0434\u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0441 \u0432 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u0432\u044b\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u0441\u043e\u044e\u0437 \u042f\u0442\u0435\u0441\u044f \u0438 \u0428\u043f\u0430\u0440\u0440\u043e. \u0412 1853 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443, \u0441\u043e\u0433\u043b\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e \u0432\u0435\u0434\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043e\u0441\u043c\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0430 \u043a\u0438\u0440\u043f\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0432, \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043f\u0440\u0438\u044f\u0442\u0438\u0435 \u042f\u0442\u0435\u0441\u044f \u0438 \u0424\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u041a\u043e\u0440\u0447\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0418\u0436\u043e\u0440\u043a\u0435 (<a href=\"https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/?p=16893\">\u0412\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0435\u0441\u0435\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u043c\u0435\u0445\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u043a\u0438\u0440\u043f\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0434<\/a>) \u043d\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0441\u044c \u0432 \u0443\u043f\u0430\u0434\u043a\u0435. \u041c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0434\u043e\u043f\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u042f\u0442\u0435\u0441\u044c \u043d\u0430\u0448\u0435\u043b \u0441\u0435\u0431\u0435 \u043d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u044c\u043e\u043d\u0430 \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u0438\u043b \u0432\u044b\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a \u043a\u0438\u0440\u043f\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0439 \u043d\u0430 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u043b\u043e\u0449\u0430\u0434\u043a\u0435 \u0441\u043e \u0428\u043f\u0430\u0440\u0440\u043e.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_9090\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-9090\" style=\"width: 600px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-9090\" src=\"https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/yaish_rem_vsm.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"313\" srcset=\"https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/yaish_rem_vsm.jpg 460w, https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/yaish_rem_vsm-300x157.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-9090\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u041a\u043b\u0435\u0439\u043c\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u043a\u0438\u0440\u043f\u0438\u0447\u0435 \u042f. \u0438 \u0428. \u0424\u043e\u0442\u043e \u0412\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0440\u0430 \u0421\u043c\u0438\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>\u041e\u043f\u0438\u0441\u044b\u0432\u0430\u044f \u0432 1904 \u0433. \u0431\u044b\u0432\u0448\u0438\u0439 \u043a\u0438\u0440\u043f\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0434 \u0412\u0430\u0440\u0433\u0443\u043d\u0438\u043d\u0430, \u0444\u0430\u0431\u0440\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0438\u043d\u0441\u043f\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u0421\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0446\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0443\u043f\u043e\u043c\u044f\u043d\u0443\u043b, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u0435\u0433\u043e \u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043b \u043a\u0438\u0440\u043f\u0438\u0447 \u0428\u043f\u0430\u0440\u0440\u043e<sup>[2]<\/sup>. \u041d\u0435 \u0438\u0441\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043e, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0437\u0434\u0435\u0441\u044c \u0440\u0435\u0447\u044c \u0438\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0440\u0430\u0437 \u043e \u0437\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0435 \u042f\u0442\u0435\u0441\u044f \u0438 \u0428\u043f\u0430\u0440\u0440\u043e.<\/p>\n<p>\u041a\u0440\u043e\u043c\u0435 \u0432\u044b\u0448\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043c\u0435\u0449\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043a\u0438\u0440\u043f\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0439, \u0432\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u043a\u043b\u0435\u0439\u043c\u043e <strong>\u042f \u0428<\/strong>. \u0418\u043c\u0435\u0435\u0442 \u043b\u0438 \u043e\u043d\u043e \u043e\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043a \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f\u043c, \u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e \u0441\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0437\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043d\u044f\u0435\u043c\u0441\u044f.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_25000\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-25000\" style=\"width: 600px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-25000\" src=\"https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/2025-04-28_18-45-11-1024x516.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"302\" srcset=\"https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/2025-04-28_18-45-11-1024x516.png 1024w, https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/2025-04-28_18-45-11-300x151.png 300w, https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/2025-04-28_18-45-11-768x387.png 768w, https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/2025-04-28_18-45-11-555x279.png 555w, https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/2025-04-28_18-45-11.png 1170w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-25000\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u041a\u0438\u0440\u043f\u0438\u0447 \u0441 \u043a\u043b\u0435\u0439\u043c\u043e\u043c \u042f\u0428. \u0424\u043e\u0442\u043e \u0410\u0440\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430 \u041a\u0443\u043a\u0441\u0430<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><strong>\u0418\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0438<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>[1] <em>\u0420\u0413\u0418\u0410. \u0424. 218. \u041e\u043f. 1. \u0414. 265.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>[2] <em>\u0421\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0446\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0422.\u0424. \u041a\u0438\u0440\u043f\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u0440. \u041d\u0435\u0432\u0435 \u0438 \u0435\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0442\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0445. \u2013 \u0421\u041f\u0431.: \u0418\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e A.\u042d. \u0412\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043a\u0435, 1904. \u2013 \u0421. 16.<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\">\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[1112],"class_list":["post-17237","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-alphabet","tag-1112"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17237","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=17237"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17237\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":25001,"href":"https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17237\/revisions\/25001"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=17237"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=17237"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=17237"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}