{"id":16699,"date":"2021-01-01T00:20:10","date_gmt":"2020-12-31T21:20:10","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/?p=16699"},"modified":"2023-02-08T12:51:41","modified_gmt":"2023-02-08T09:51:41","slug":"%d0%b8%d0%bf%d0%ba-%d0%b8-%d0%ba","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/?p=16699","title":{"rendered":"\u0418\u041f\u041a; \u0418.\u041a."},"content":{"rendered":"<figure id=\"attachment_2490\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-2490\" style=\"width: 600px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-2490\" src=\"https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/ipk_krasil.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"295\" srcset=\"https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/ipk_krasil.jpg 1232w, https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/ipk_krasil-300x147.jpg 300w, https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/ipk_krasil-1024x503.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/ipk_krasil-768x377.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-2490\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u041a\u0438\u0440\u043f\u0438\u0447 \u0441 \u043a\u043b\u0435\u0439\u043c\u043e\u043c \u0418\u041f\u041a 10. \u0424\u043e\u0442\u043e \u0412\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0440\u0430 \u041a\u0440\u0430\u0441\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><!--more--><\/p>\n<p>\u041a\u0438\u0440\u043f\u0438\u0447\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u044b \u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0435\u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u043e\u043c \u0437\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0435 \u0441\u0430\u043d\u043a\u0442-\u043f\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0443\u0440\u0433\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u0443\u043f\u0446\u0430 2-\u0439 \u0433\u0438\u043b\u044c\u0434\u0438\u0438 <strong><em>\u0418\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u041f\u0430\u0432\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0447\u0430 \u041a\u0440\u0443\u0442\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430<\/em><\/strong> \u043d\u0430 11-\u043e\u0439 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0435 \u043f\u043e \u041f\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0433\u043e\u0444\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0443. \u041a\u0443\u043f\u0435\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0435\u043c\u044c\u0435 \u041a\u0440\u0443\u0442\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u0432 1850-1900-\u0445 \u0433\u0433. \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0434\u043b\u0435\u0436\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u0431\u044b\u0432\u0448\u0430\u044f \u0434\u0430\u0447\u0430 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0430 \u0411\u0440\u044e\u0441\u0430. \u0412 1865 \u0433. \u0443 \u0418.\u041f. \u041a\u0440\u0443\u0442\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u0437\u0434\u0435\u0441\u044c \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0438 \u043a\u0430\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0438 7 \u0434\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u044f\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0434\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0432, \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043b\u044b\u0439 \u0434\u0432\u043e\u0440, \u043c\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043b\u0430\u0432\u043a\u0430, \u043a\u0438\u0440\u043f\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0438 \u0433\u043e\u043d\u0447\u0430\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0434\u044b. \u0413\u0440\u0430\u0444 \u0421.\u0414. \u0428\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0432 \u0432\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043b: \u00ab&#8230;\u041d\u0430 \u0434\u0430\u0447\u0435 \u041a\u0440\u0443\u0442\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430 &#8230; \u0436\u0438\u043b\u043e \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0434\u0430\u0447\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432, \u0432 \u0442\u043e\u043c \u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u043e\u0440\u0438\u0433\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0447\u0435\u0442\u0430 \u0411\u0435\u0441\u0446\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445&#8230;\u00bb<sup>[1]<\/sup>.<\/p>\n<p>\u041f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043f\u0440\u0438\u044f\u0442\u0438\u0435 \u0432\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u0443\u043f\u043e\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u0441\u043f\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0445 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442 1862 \u0433. \u0411\u0435\u0437\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043a\u043b\u0435\u0439\u043c\u0430 \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u0434\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c 1850-\u043c\u0438 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430\u043c\u0438.<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>\u0423\u0435\u0437\u0434 \u0421\u0430\u043d\u043a\u0442\u043f\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0443\u0440\u0433\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439. \u0421\u0442\u0430\u043d 1. \u041f\u043e \u041f\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0433\u043e\u0444\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0448\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0435. \u041a\u0440\u0443\u0442\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439, \u0434\u0430\u0447\u0430. \u041f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435: \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u0424\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c \u0437\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0432\u0435. \u0420\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0432 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0445. \u041e\u0442 \u0443\u0435\u0437\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0433\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0430: 11. \u041e\u0442 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u043a\u0432\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0438\u0440\u044b: 2 \u0427\u0438\u0441\u043b\u043e \u0434\u0432\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432: 6. \u0427\u0438\u0441\u043b\u043e \u0436\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0439. \u041c.\u043f.: 10. \u0416.\u043f.: 9. \u0424\u0430\u0431\u0440\u0438\u043a\u0438, \u0437\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0434\u044b \u0438 \u0442. \u043f.: \u0417\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0434 \u043a\u0438\u0440\u043f\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0439<sup>[2]<\/sup><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<figure id=\"attachment_6014\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-6014\" style=\"width: 600px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-6014\" src=\"https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/ipk_prokofev-1024x537.jpg\" alt=\"\u041a\u0438\u0440\u043f\u0438\u0447 \u0441 \u043a\u043b\u0435\u0439\u043c\u043e\u043c \u0418\u041f\u041a. \u0424\u043e\u0442\u043e \u0412\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0440\u0430 \u041f\u0440\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0444\u044c\u0435\u0432\u0430\" width=\"600\" height=\"315\" srcset=\"https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/ipk_prokofev-1024x537.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/ipk_prokofev-300x157.jpg 300w, https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/ipk_prokofev-768x403.jpg 768w, https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/ipk_prokofev-1536x805.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/ipk_prokofev-2048x1074.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-6014\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u041a\u0438\u0440\u043f\u0438\u0447 \u0441 \u043a\u043b\u0435\u0439\u043c\u043e\u043c \u0418\u041f\u041a. \u0424\u043e\u0442\u043e \u0412\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0440\u0430 \u041f\u0440\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0444\u044c\u0435\u0432\u0430<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure id=\"attachment_19171\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-19171\" style=\"width: 600px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-19171\" src=\"https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/ipk3_stac-1024x544.jpg\" alt=\"\u041a\u0438\u0440\u043f\u0438\u0447 \u0441 \u043a\u043b\u0435\u0439\u043c\u043e\u043c \u0418\u041f\u041a. \u0424\u043e\u0442\u043e \u0412\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0438\u044f \u0421\u0442\u0430\u0446\u0435\u043d\u043a\u043e\" width=\"600\" height=\"319\" srcset=\"https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/ipk3_stac-1024x544.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/ipk3_stac-300x159.jpg 300w, https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/ipk3_stac-768x408.jpg 768w, https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/ipk3_stac-555x295.jpg 555w, https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/ipk3_stac.jpg 1454w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-19171\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u041a\u0438\u0440\u043f\u0438\u0447 \u0441 \u043a\u043b\u0435\u0439\u043c\u043e\u043c \u0418\u041f\u041a. \u0424\u043e\u0442\u043e \u0412\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0438\u044f \u0421\u0442\u0430\u0446\u0435\u043d\u043a\u043e<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>\u0414\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u043e \u043a\u0438\u0440\u043f\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0443 \u043d\u0430 1864 \u0433.:<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>\u041a\u0440\u0443\u0442\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430, \u0421. \u0443. 1 \u0441\u0442. \u043f\u043e \u041f\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0433\u043e\u0444\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0443 \u043d\u0430 11 \u0432.<sup>[3]<\/sup><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>\u041d\u0430 1865 \u0433.:<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>\u041a\u0440\u0443\u0442\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430. \u0427\u0438\u0441\u043b\u043e \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0447\u0438\u0445: \u043c.\u043f. -15; \u0436.\u043f. &#8212; 3.<\/p>\n<p>\u0426\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0432\u044b\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439: 4600.<\/p>\n<p>\u0422\u043e\u043f\u043b\u0438\u0432\u0430 (\u0434\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u0438 \u0434\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0435\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0443\u0433\u043b\u044f): 2800.<sup>[4]<\/sup><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>\u041d\u0430 1866 \u0433.:<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>\u041a\u0438\u0440\u043f\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u041a\u0440\u0443\u0442\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430, \u041d\u0430\u0440\u0432\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442 11 \u0432., \u0434\u043e\u043c\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432 \u041a\u0440\u0443\u0442\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439.<\/p>\n<p>\u0427\u0438\u0441\u043b\u043e \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0447\u0438\u0445: \u043c.\u043f. &#8212; 11; \u0436.\u043f. &#8212; 2.<\/p>\n<p>\u0426\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0432\u044b\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439: 3150. \u0422\u043e\u043f\u043b\u0438\u0432\u0430 (\u0434\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u0438 \u0434\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0435\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0443\u0433\u043b\u044f): 1550.<sup>[5]<\/sup><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<figure id=\"attachment_8130\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-8130\" style=\"width: 600px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-8130\" src=\"https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/ipk_10_ramLitv.jpg\" alt=\"\u041a\u0438\u0440\u043f\u0438\u0447 \u0441 \u043a\u043b\u0435\u0439\u043c\u043e\u043c \u0418\u041f\u041a 10 \u0432 \u0440\u0430\u043c\u043a\u0435. \u0424\u043e\u0442\u043e \u0412\u0438\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u041b\u0438\u0442\u0432\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e\" width=\"600\" height=\"337\" srcset=\"https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/ipk_10_ramLitv.jpg 2192w, https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/ipk_10_ramLitv-300x168.jpg 300w, https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/ipk_10_ramLitv-1024x575.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/ipk_10_ramLitv-768x431.jpg 768w, https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/ipk_10_ramLitv-1536x862.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/ipk_10_ramLitv-2048x1149.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-8130\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u041a\u0438\u0440\u043f\u0438\u0447 \u0441 \u043a\u043b\u0435\u0439\u043c\u043e\u043c \u0418\u041f\u041a 10 \u0432 \u0440\u0430\u043c\u043a\u0435. \u0424\u043e\u0442\u043e \u0412\u0438\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u041b\u0438\u0442\u0432\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure id=\"attachment_11216\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-11216\" style=\"width: 600px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11216\" src=\"https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/ik_t4g_Os.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"324\" srcset=\"https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/ik_t4g_Os.jpg 2366w, https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/ik_t4g_Os-300x162.jpg 300w, https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/ik_t4g_Os-1024x552.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/ik_t4g_Os-768x414.jpg 768w, https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/ik_t4g_Os-1536x828.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/ik_t4g_Os-2048x1105.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-11216\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u041a\u0438\u0440\u043f\u0438\u0447 \u0441 \u043a\u043b\u0435\u0439\u043c\u043e\u043c \u0418.\u041a. (\u043d\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0435\u043d \u0432\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0435 \u0441 \u0418\u041f\u041a). \u0424\u043e\u0442\u043e \u0410\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0440\u0430 \u041e\u0441\u0438\u043f\u0447\u0443\u043a\u0430<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>\u0412 \u0441\u043f\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0445 1873 \u0433. \u0437\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0434 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0431\u0435\u0437\u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u043c<sup>[6]<\/sup>.<\/p>\n<p>\u041f\u0430\u043c\u044f\u0442\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043a\u043d\u0438\u0436\u043a\u0430 \u043d\u0430 1874 \u0433.:<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>636. \u041a\u0440\u0443\u0442\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u0418\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0430, \u043a\u0438\u0440\u043f\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0434, \u041f\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0433\u043e\u0444\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u0448\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0435 11 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0430, \u2116 111.<\/p>\n<p>\u0420\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0447\u0438\u0445 17 (15 \u043c\u0443\u0436\u0447\u0438\u043d \u0438 2 \u0436\u0435\u043d\u0449\u0438\u043d\u044b).<\/p>\n<p>\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c 2880 \u0440\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0435\u0439.<sup>[7]<\/sup><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>\u041d\u0430\u0438\u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0434\u043d\u0435\u0435 \u0443\u043f\u043e\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u043c\u044b \u043e\u0431\u043d\u0430\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0432 \u043e\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043c\u044b\u0448\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043f\u0440\u0438\u044f\u0442\u0438\u0439 \u043e\u0442 24 \u044f\u043d\u0432\u0430\u0440\u044f 1877 \u0433. (23 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0447\u0438\u0445)<sup>[8]<\/sup>.<\/p>\n<p>\u041a\u0440\u043e\u043c\u0435 \u0432\u044b\u0448\u0435\u0443\u043f\u043e\u043c\u044f\u043d\u0443\u0442\u044b\u0445 \u043a\u043b\u0435\u0439\u043c \u0432\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0447\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0431\u0438\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043a\u043b\u0435\u0439\u043c\u0430 \u041a\u0440\u0443\u0442\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_19133\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-19133\" style=\"width: 600px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-19133\" src=\"https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/\u0438\u043f\u043a-1024x538.jpg\" alt=\"\u041a\u0438\u0440\u043f\u0438\u0447 \u0441 \u043a\u043b\u0435\u0439\u043c\u043e\u043c \u0418.\u041f.\u041a. \u0424\u043e\u0442\u043e \u0412\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0438\u044f \u0421\u0442\u0430\u0446\u0435\u043d\u043a\u043e\" width=\"600\" height=\"315\" srcset=\"https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/\u0438\u043f\u043a-1024x538.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/\u0438\u043f\u043a-300x158.jpg 300w, https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/\u0438\u043f\u043a-768x404.jpg 768w, https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/\u0438\u043f\u043a-555x292.jpg 555w, https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/\u0438\u043f\u043a.jpg 1524w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-19133\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u041a\u0438\u0440\u043f\u0438\u0447 \u0441 \u043a\u043b\u0435\u0439\u043c\u043e\u043c \u0418.\u041f.\u041a. \u0424\u043e\u0442\u043e \u0412\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0438\u044f \u0421\u0442\u0430\u0446\u0435\u043d\u043a\u043e<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0418\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0438<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>[1] <em>\u0413\u043e\u0440\u0431\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043d\u043a\u043e \u0421.\u0411. \u041f\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0433\u043e\u0444\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0434\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0430. \u0418\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u043a\u043e-\u0430\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u0443\u0442\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c. \u2013 \u0421\u041f\u0431.: \u0415\u0432\u0440\u043e\u043f\u0435\u0439\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0434\u043e\u043c, 2001. ISBN 5-8015-0113-4. \u2013 \u0421. 134.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>[2] <em>\u0421\u0430\u043d\u043a\u0442\u043f\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0443\u0440\u0433\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0433\u0443\u0431\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0438\u044f. \u0421\u043f\u0438\u0441\u043e\u043a \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442 \u043f\u043e \u0441\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f\u043c 1862 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430 \/ \u0418\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d \u0426\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0440. \u0421\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0441\u0442. \u041a\u043e\u043c\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442\u043e\u043c \u041c\u0412\u0414, \u0440\u0435\u0434. \u0418. \u0412\u0438\u043b\u044c\u0441\u043e\u043d. \u2013 \u0421\u041f\u0431.: \u0442\u0438\u043f. \u041a. \u0412\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0444\u0430, 1864. \u2013 \u0421. 9.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>[3] <em>\u0424\u0430\u0431\u0440\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u0438 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0434\u044b \u0432 \u0421.-\u041f\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0443\u0440\u0433\u0435 \u0438 \u0421.-\u041f\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0443\u0440\u0433\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0433\u0443\u0431\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0432 1864 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443. \u0412\u044b\u043f. 3. \u2013 \u0421\u041f\u0431., \u0442\u0438\u043f. \u0413\u0443\u0431\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u041f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f, 1865. \u2013 \u0421. 26.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>[4] <em>\u0424\u0430\u0431\u0440\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u0438 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0434\u044b \u0432 \u0421.-\u041f\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0443\u0440\u0433\u0435 \u0438 \u0421.-\u041f\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0443\u0440\u0433\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0433\u0443\u0431\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0432 1865 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443. \u0412\u044b\u043f. 4. \u2013 \u0421\u041f\u0431., \u0442\u0438\u043f. \u0413\u0443\u0431\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u041f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f, 1866. \u2013 \u0421. 21.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>[5] <em>\u0424\u0430\u0431\u0440\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u0438 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0434\u044b \u0432 \u0421.-\u041f\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0443\u0440\u0433\u0435 \u0438 \u0421.-\u041f\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0443\u0440\u0433\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0433\u0443\u0431\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0432 1866 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443. \u0412\u044b\u043f. 5. \u2013 \u0421\u041f\u0431., \u0442\u0438\u043f. \u0413\u0443\u0431\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u041f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f, 1868. \u2013 \u0421. 35.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>[6] <em>\u0426\u0413\u0418\u0410 \u0421\u041f\u0431. \u0424. 224. \u041e\u043f. 1. \u0414. 261.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>[7] <em>\u041f\u0430\u043c\u044f\u0442\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043a\u043d\u0438\u0436\u043a\u0430 \u0421-\u041f\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0443\u0440\u0433\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0433\u0443\u0431\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0438\u0438 \/ \u0421\u043e\u0441\u0442. \u0410.\u0424. \u0415\u043b\u0430\u0447\u0438\u0447. \u2013 \u0421\u041f\u0431.: \u0442\u0438\u043f. \u042e\u043b\u0438\u044f \u0412\u0438\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430, 1874. \u2013 \u0421. 63.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>[8] <em>\u0426\u0413\u0418\u0410 \u0421\u041f\u0431. \u0424. 961. \u041e\u043f. 3. \u0414. 2.<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\">\u0410\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b: \u041b\u044e\u0431\u043e\u043c\u0438\u0440 \u0411\u0430\u043a\u0438\u043d, \u041c\u0438\u0445\u0430\u0438\u043b \u041f\u043e\u043f\u043e\u0432<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[21,24],"tags":[1097],"class_list":["post-16699","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-i","category-24","tag-1097"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16699","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=16699"}],"version-history":[{"count":8,"href":"https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16699\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":22903,"href":"https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16699\/revisions\/22903"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=16699"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=16699"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/xn--80aickabcjeksbqgig1io0jrbl.xn--p1ai\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=16699"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}